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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
Published on: September 5, 2014
Transistor-Based Work-Function Measurement of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Ultra-Low-Power, Rationally Designed
David W Gardner1,2, Xiang Gao1,3, Hossain M Fahad1,4
1Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, 403 Cory Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Abstract:
A classic challenge in chemical sensing is selectivity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an exciting class of materials because they can be tuned for selective chemical adsorption. Adsorption events trigger work-function shifts, which can be detected with a chemical-sensitive field-effect transistor (power ≈microwatts). In this work, several case studies were used towards generalizing the sensing mechanism, ultimately towards our metal-centric hypothesis. HKUST-1 was used as a proof-of-principle humidity sensor. The response is thickness independent, meaning the response is surface localized. ZIF-8 is demonstrated to be an NO2 -sensing material, and the response is dominated by adsorption at metal sites. Finally, MFM-300(In) shows how standard hard-soft acid-base theory can be used to qualitatively predict sensor responses. This paper sets the groundwork for using the tunability of metal-organic frameworks for chemical sensing with distributed, scalable devices.
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