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Inflammation

Inflammation

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

GTPases and their Regulation

GTPases and their Regulation

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒ small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...

Regulated Protein Degradation

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

A Primary Human Trophoblast Model to Study the Effect of Inflammation Associated with Maternal Obesity on Regulation of Autophagy in the Placenta

A Primary Human Trophoblast Model to Study the Effect of Inflammation Associated with Maternal Obesity on Regulation of Autophagy in the Placenta

Published on: September 27, 2017

Progranulin Regulates Inflammation and Tumor.

Chunxiao Liu¹, Jiayi Li¹, Wenjing Shi²

¹Pathogenic Microbiology, Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261053, China.

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

|July 25, 2019

Summary

Progranulin (PGRN) is a key protein regulating cell growth, migration, and inflammation. Its overexpression is linked to various cancers and diseases, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

Keywords:

Cell cycle cell motility inflammation pleiotropic growth factor progranulin tumor.

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Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

A Primary Human Trophoblast Model to Study the Effect of Inflammation Associated with Maternal Obesity on Regulation of Autophagy in the Placenta

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Published on: September 27, 2017

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In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation

In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Published on: August 16, 2013

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Oncology

Background:

Progranulin (PGRN) is a secreted glycoprotein with pleiotropic functions.
PGRN regulates cell cycle, motility, wound healing, and tumorigenesis.
Overexpression of PGRN is associated with inflammatory cytokine secretion (e.g., IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α).

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the therapeutic potential of PGRN.
To explore the role of PGRN in the interplay between inflammation and cancer.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on PGRN.
Analysis of PGRN's functions in cell cycle, migration, and disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

PGRN overexpression promotes tumor proliferation and development in various cancers (gastric, breast, cervical, colorectal, hepatocarcinoma).
PGRN is implicated in diseases like neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and kidney injury.
PGRN plays a critical role in injury repair and tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

PGRN is a significant factor in injury repair and tumorigenesis.
PGRN represents a promising target for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Further investigation into PGRN's therapeutic utility is warranted.