Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization01:12

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

10.8K
Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
10.8K
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

7.6K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
7.6K
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

16.2K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
16.2K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.1K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.1K
The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

4.8K
The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
4.8K
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

51.6K
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
51.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Vibration characterisation of strollers and cargo bicycles for transporting infants over different road surfaces.

Ergonomics·2026
Same author

Comparing the kinematics related to inflicted head injury between violent shaking of a 6-week-old and a 1-year-old infant surrogate.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

Etalon@lateral flow strip for integrated separation-sensing microfluidic platforms.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2025
Same author

The Safe Use of <sup>125</sup>I-Seeds as a Surgical Localization Technique for Breast Cancer Patients During Breastfeeding and Close Contact With an Infant.

Clinical breast cancer·2025
Same author

A multidisciplinary approach to forensic biological profiling on a single tooth and nail sample.

International journal of legal medicine·2024
Same author

Uncovering the spread of drug-resistant bacteria through next-generation sequencing based surveillance: transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales by a contaminated duodenoscope.

Antimicrobial resistance and infection control·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

12.0K

Minimizing aerosol bone dust during autopsies.

Jip M E Pluim1,2, Arjo J Loeve3,4, Reza R R Gerretsen5

  • 1Department of Forensic Anthropology, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497GB, The Hague, Netherlands. jippluim@gmail.com.

Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
|July 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sawing bone generates hazardous airborne dust (aerosols). Optimizing saw parameters can reduce particle production, but safety precautions like ventilation and breathing gear are crucial for practitioners.

Keywords:
AerosolAutopsyBiosafetyBone dustPathologySawing parameters

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.7K
Use of Capillary Aerosol Generator in Continuous Production of Controlled Aerosol for Non-Clinical Studies
08:33

Use of Capillary Aerosol Generator in Continuous Production of Controlled Aerosol for Non-Clinical Studies

Published on: April 12, 2022

3.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

12.0K
Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.7K
Use of Capillary Aerosol Generator in Continuous Production of Controlled Aerosol for Non-Clinical Studies
08:33

Use of Capillary Aerosol Generator in Continuous Production of Controlled Aerosol for Non-Clinical Studies

Published on: April 12, 2022

3.9K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Engineering
  • Occupational Health
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • Bone sawing in medical and medico-legal procedures produces inhalable aerosol particles.
  • These aerosols pose a significant health risk to practitioners.
  • Understanding factors influencing aerosol production is vital for risk mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of saw blade frequency, contact load, bone condition, test environment, and saw blade type on aerosol particle production.
  • To quantify aerosol generation under various bone sawing conditions.
  • To assess the effectiveness of ventilation systems and inform safety protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A custom test setup was designed and utilized for bone sawing experiments.
  • A particle counter was employed to measure aerosol particle production.
  • Key parameters varied included saw blade frequency, contact load, bone condition (fresh vs. dry), test environment, and saw blade type (electrical oscillating vs. hand-saw).

Main Results:

  • Higher saw blade frequencies and lower contact loads significantly increased aerosol particle counts.
  • Dry, skeletonized bone produced more aerosols than fresh bone.
  • Electrical oscillating saws generated more particles than hand-saws.
  • All tested conditions produced aerosols at levels posing potential health risks.

Conclusions:

  • Bone sawing, regardless of parameters, generates potentially hazardous aerosols.
  • Optimizing sawing parameters can reduce, but not eliminate, aerosol production.
  • Even minimal aerosol counts necessitate safety precautions, including external ventilation, respiratory protection, and established protocols, especially in resource-limited settings.