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Etalon@lateral flow strip for integrated separation-sensing microfluidic platforms.

Mengmeng Zhang1, Arjo J Loeve2, Michael J Serpe3

  • 1Department of Process & Energy, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, Delft, 2628 CB, The Netherlands.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|June 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study integrates etalon sensors onto membranes, transforming simple lateral flow assays (LFAs) into quantitative tools. This novel platform enables sensitive, on-site detection by overcoming the limitations of traditional qualitative testing.

Keywords:
Commercial membranesEtalonIntegrated separation-sensing platformLateral flow assaysMicrofluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are simple, cost-effective, and widely used for on-site qualitative analysis.
  • Traditional LFAs lack quantitative capabilities due to limitations in sensitivity and detection methods.
  • Etalon sensors offer high sensitivity and quantitative detection via optical interference but require smooth substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated separation-sensing microfluidic platform (EtLFA) that enhances the quantitative capabilities of LFAs.
  • To enable the fabrication of etalon sensors on rough membrane substrates, overcoming previous limitations.
  • To demonstrate the quantitative detection of glucose in a mimic blood sample using the EtLFA platform.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of etalon sensors on commercial membranes, evaluating sensor sensitivity and surface roughness (Sa < 0.5 μm, Smr > 90%).
  • Integration of a glucose-responsive etalon@nylon sensor module with a regenerated cellulose membrane for separation.
  • Testing the platform's ability to filter mimic red blood cells and quantify glucose levels in a mimic blood sample.

Main Results:

  • Established critical surface roughness criteria for functional etalon integration on membranes.
  • Confirmed that capillary flow and permeability are maintained after etalon integration, preserving purification performance.
  • Demonstrated a 25 nm spectral shift for 100 mg/dL glucose, enabling linear quantification via portable spectrometry.

Conclusions:

  • The EtLFA platform successfully integrates etalon sensing onto rough membrane substrates, transforming LFAs into quantitative analytical tools.
  • This approach overcomes the substrate limitations of etalon sensors and enhances the analytical capabilities of LFAs.
  • The developed platform offers new possibilities for sensitive, on-site quantitative detection, broadening the applications of lateral flow assays.