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In vitro anticancer activity of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum cinereum against Caco-2 cells

S Sivasankara Narayani1, S Saravanan2, J Ravindran3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi, India.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|July 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Fucoidan from brown seaweed shows anti-cancer effects against colon cancer cells. It induces apoptosis and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweed, exhibits diverse bioactivities, including anti-cancer properties.
  • The precise mechanisms of fucoidan's anti-cancer and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-cancer and apoptotic activity of fucoidan from Sargassum cinereum against the Caco-2 colon cancer cell line.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.

Main Methods:

  • Cytotoxicity assays were performed to determine the inhibitory concentration (IC50).
  • Apoptosis was assessed using AO/EB, Hoechst, and Annexin V/PI staining.
  • Mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production were measured via flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • Fucoidan demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of Caco-2 cell growth, with an IC50 of 250 μg/ml.
  • Apoptosis induction was confirmed through morphological changes and specific staining techniques.
  • Fucoidan significantly increased ROS production and mitochondrial membrane permeability.

Conclusions:

  • Fucoidan from Sargassum cinereum exerts significant anti-cancer and apoptotic effects on Caco-2 colon cancer cells.
  • The anti-cancer mechanism involves the enhancement of ROS production.
  • Fucoidan holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for various cancer types.
Keywords:
AnticancerApoptosisColon cancerFucoidanROS

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