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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymer-Based Instructive Scaffolds for Endodontic Regeneration.

Naimah Zein1, Ezeddine Harmouch1, Jean-Christophe Lutz2,3

  • 1French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Regenerative Nanomedicine, UMR 1260, FMTS, 67085 Strasbourg, France.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymer scaffolds are key to endodontic regeneration, optimizing tissue formation and vascularization. Combining different polymers enhances scaffold properties for improved regenerative outcomes.

Keywords:
active biomoleculesdental pulpdental stem cellsendodontics regenerationhydrogelsnanofiberspolymersscaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Endodontic regeneration faces challenges influenced by clinical factors, requiring specific tissue outcomes like pulp, dentin, and vascular formation.
  • Polymer scaffolds are central to regenerative strategies, serving as carriers for cells and bioactive molecules to enhance tissue repair.
  • Hydrogels and nanofibrous/microporous scaffolds offer tunable properties for optimizing endodontic regeneration, mimicking the extracellular matrix.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of polymer scaffolds in endodontic regeneration strategies.
  • To highlight the advantages of collagen and fibrin scaffolds for specific tissue requirements.
  • To explore the potential of combining different polymers for enhanced regenerative capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on polymer scaffolds in endodontic regeneration.
  • Discussion of scaffold properties like viscosity, porosity, and extracellular matrix mimicry.
  • Analysis of collagen and fibrin scaffolds, including functionalization with biomolecules (BMP, SDF-1, G-CSF) and their effects on stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Collagen scaffolds support pulp connective tissue formation and can be enhanced with biomolecules.
  • Fibrin/Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) scaffolds promote stem cell differentiation and revascularization.
  • Emerging strategies involve combining different polymers to leverage synergistic effects and overcome individual limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer scaffold selection (e.g., polypeptide, PCL, chitosan) depends on biomolecule delivery and hydrogel formation capabilities.
  • Combining diverse polymers in scaffolds presents a promising avenue for advanced endodontic regeneration.
  • Future research should focus on the synergistic effects of innovative polymer compositions in endodontic scaffolds.