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Differentiated responsibilities and prosocial behaviour in climate change mitigation.

Reuben Kline1,2, Nicholas Seltzer3, Evgeniya Lukinova4,5

  • 1Department of Political Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA. reuben.kline@stonybrook.edu.

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Global climate change presents a compound dilemma, linking economic development to mitigation needs. Differentiated development increases advantaged group cooperation but decreases disadvantaged group cooperation, worsening overall climate action.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental economics
  • Behavioral economics
  • Climate change policy

Background:

  • Global climate change stems from economic development, creating a common pool resource dilemma.
  • Mitigating climate change impacts involves a public goods dilemma.
  • The interdependence of economic drivers and mitigation needs forms a 'compound climate dilemma'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the implications of a compound climate dilemma on cooperation and prosocial behavior.
  • To test the effects of differentiated development on cooperation in climate change mitigation.
  • To analyze the impact of endogeneity between economic development and climate change responsibility on cooperative outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted incentivized experiments in the United States and China.
  • Compared cooperation and prosocial behavior under differentiated development conditions versus a homogeneous baseline.
  • Contrasted endogenous development scenarios with exogenous control conditions.

Main Results:

  • In differentiated development, advantaged groups increased prosociality, but disadvantaged groups decreased cooperation, leading to a net decrease in overall cooperation.
  • Endogeneity between economic development and climate change responsibility reduced cooperation in the mitigation dilemma compared to exogenous conditions.
  • The basis for differentiating mitigation obligations emerged as a significant source of conflict.

Conclusions:

  • The interdependence of economic development and climate change mitigation creates complex challenges for cooperation.
  • Differentiated development strategies can inadvertently hinder overall climate action due to reduced cooperation from disadvantaged parties.
  • Addressing climate change requires careful consideration of how mitigation obligations are differentiated, impacting both domestic and international climate negotiations.