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1Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, PR China; School of Economics and Management, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 780-8515, Japan.
Journal of Theoretical Biology
|July 27, 2019
Summary
Cooperation can evolve even with defectors present. In three-player games, both tolerant and intolerant cooperators can survive, but their coexistence is not an evolutionary stable outcome.
Area of Science:
- Evolutionary game theory
- Behavioral economics
Background:
- Natural selection typically disfavors unconditional cooperation.
- Cooperators can be favored if they distinguish and avoid defectors.
- Human strategies in multi-player scenarios with defectors are complex.
Purpose of the Study:
- Analyze cooperation dynamics in three-player Prisoner's Dilemma games.
- Investigate the evolutionary viability of different cooperator strategies.
- Determine conditions for the survival of tolerant and intolerant cooperators.
Main Methods:
- Algebraic analysis of three-player Prisoner's Dilemma games.
- Numerical simulations to explore evolutionary outcomes.
- Modeling interactions between cooperators and defectors.
Main Results:
- Both tolerant (continue interaction) and intolerant (discontinue interaction) cooperators can survive when the cost of cooperation is low.
- The coexistence of tolerant and intolerant cooperators is not a stable evolutionary outcome.
- Survival depends on the cost of cooperation and partner composition.
Conclusions:
- Evolutionary models can explain cooperation persistence under specific conditions.
- Human cooperative strategies in multi-player settings are nuanced.
- Further research needed on the long-term stability of mixed cooperative strategies.
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