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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
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Introducing a Research Management System to Speed Up and Streamline Clinical Research Activities.

Mansoor Ali Baig1,2, Mohamad A Almuhaizea1,3, Abeer Omar1,4

  • 1King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|July 27, 2019
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Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval is crucial for clinical research. Automating IRB processes through a management system can streamline administrative tasks and improve research oversight within institutions.

Keywords:
IRBResearch Management SystemResearch process

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Research Administration
  • Health Informatics
  • Research Management

Background:

  • Clinical research requires Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval before initiation.
  • IRB processes involve multiple sub-committees and administrative functions managed by a central research office.
  • Understanding IRB operations is key to developing effective management systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the functional components of Institutional Review Board (IRB) processes.
  • To identify key areas within IRB operations suitable for automation.
  • To propose a framework for a digitized research management system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of typical IRB structures and workflows in academic medical centers.
  • Analysis of administrative support roles of research offices.
  • Identification of essential data points for digitization (e.g., researcher profiles, project management, analytics).

Main Results:

  • IRB approval is a multi-step process involving specialized committees (Ethics, Basic Research, Animal Care).
  • The research office acts as the administrative hub for IRB functions.
  • Digitization opportunities exist across researcher profiles, project lifecycle management, and data analytics.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive management system can significantly enhance the efficiency of IRB operations.
  • Automating IRB workflows and administrative tasks is feasible and beneficial.
  • Digitizing various research-related functions supports institutional research goals and analytics.