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Systematic review of sensory processing in preterm children reveals abnormal sensory modulation, somatosensory

Ulla Niutanen1, Toini Harra2, Aulikki Lano1

  • 1New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|July 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Preterm-born children face higher risks of sensory processing disorder, impacting daily function and behavior. Early screening and interventions are crucial for their neurocognitive development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • Preterm birth is linked to challenges in childhood functioning and behavior.
  • Sensory processing disorder (SPD) is a potential contributing factor to these difficulties.
  • Understanding SPD in preterm infants and children is essential for targeted support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and identify assessments for sensory processing disorder in preterm-born infants and children.
  • To determine the incidence and nature of SPD in this population.
  • To inform clinical practice and future research.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases up to November 2018.
  • Included were peer-reviewed studies of preterm children using standardized sensory processing assessments.
  • Studies of preterm children with major neurodevelopmental impairments were excluded.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-seven studies involving preterm children (birth to 9 years 7 months) were analyzed.
  • Assessments included Sensory Profile questionnaires and clinical tests like the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants.
  • Atypical sensory processing varied widely: 28%-87% in modulation, 9%-70% in somatosensory, and 20%-70% in motor processing.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm-born children have an increased risk of SPD from infancy through school age.
  • Routine sensory processing screening, timely interventions, and parental support are recommended.
  • Further research, particularly intervention studies, is needed to address SPD in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
assessmentneurodevelopmentpreterm childrensensory integrationsensory processing

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