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Targeting cellular cholesterol for anticancer therapy.

Liang Gu1, Sourav Taru Saha1, Jodie Thomas1

  • 1School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

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|July 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cholesterol accumulation fuels cancer growth and drug resistance. Lowering cholesterol in cancer cells, by inhibiting its synthesis or depleting excess amounts, presents a promising anticancer strategy, potentially sensitizing cells to therapies.

Keywords:
breast cancercholesterol depletioncholesterol regulationmetabolic and signalling pathwaysstatins

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cholesterol dyshomeostasis in cancer cells causes intracellular accumulation.
  • This accumulation promotes drug resistance, apoptosis evasion, and uncontrolled cell proliferation.
  • Targeting cellular cholesterol is a potential anticancer strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cancer signaling pathways perturbed by cholesterol dyshomeostasis, focusing on breast cancer.
  • To highlight drug discovery efforts for cholesterol-lowering compounds.
  • To conceptualize cholesterol depletion as a method to sensitize cancer cells to therapeutics and overcome drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of scientific evidence.
  • Collating information on cancer signaling pathways affected by cholesterol.
  • Reviewing current drug discovery and clinical trial efforts for cholesterol-lowering agents.

Main Results:

  • Cholesterol dyshomeostasis significantly impacts cancer cell signaling, particularly in breast cancer.
  • Several cholesterol-lowering compounds are under clinical investigation.
  • Evidence suggests cholesterol depletion can enhance cancer cell sensitivity to existing therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis or depleting excess cholesterol are viable anticancer strategies.
  • Cholesterol depletion may overcome drug resistance and sensitize cancer cells to treatment.
  • Further research into cholesterol-targeting agents holds promise for cancer therapy.