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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Imaging the Postsurgical Upper Limb: The Radiologist Perspective.

Alberto Bazzocchi1, Maria Pilar Aparisi Gómez2, Paolo Spinnato1

  • 1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G. C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy.

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|July 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiologists must understand surgical procedures for accurate postsurgical imaging. This review covers normal appearances and complications for shoulder, elbow, and wrist surgeries to aid in surgical planning.

Keywords:
ElbowJointsMR imagingPostoperative periodRadiologyShoulderUpper extremityWrist

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Postsurgical imaging assessment is crucial for patient care.
  • Radiologists require knowledge of surgical techniques to interpret imaging accurately.
  • Identifying expected post-operative changes versus complications is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common surgical procedures of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist.
  • To describe the normal imaging appearances following these surgeries.
  • To highlight potential complications and key considerations for surgical planning.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common orthopedic surgical procedures for the upper extremity.
  • Description of expected imaging findings (e.g., X-ray, MRI, CT) post-surgery.
  • Identification of potential pitfalls and complications associated with each procedure.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of surgical indications and expected postsurgical imaging findings for shoulder, elbow, and wrist.
  • Illustrative examples of normal post-operative appearances.
  • Discussion of common complications such as infection, non-union, hardware issues, and nerve injury.

Conclusions:

  • Familiarity with surgical procedures enhances radiologists' ability to detect complications.
  • Understanding expected postsurgical imaging is vital for effective patient management.
  • This review provides a guide for interpreting upper extremity postsurgical imaging and informs surgical planning.