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Medical and Psychosocial Risk Profiles for Low Birthweight and Preterm Birth

Sara H Shaw1, Janette E Herbers2, J J Cutuli3

  • 1Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.

Women'S Health Issues : Official Publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women'S Health
|July 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Distinct profiles of medical and psychosocial factors impact preterm birth and low birthweight. Identifying high-risk pregnant women allows for targeted interdisciplinary support and improved outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low birthweight and preterm birth are significant risk factors for infant mortality and long-term health issues.
  • Understanding the interplay of medical and psychosocial factors is crucial for preventing adverse birth outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct latent profiles of co-occurring medical and psychosocial factors in pregnant women.
  • To assess the implications of these profiles for preterm birth and low birthweight.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), a representative cross-sectional survey (2012-2013).
  • Employed latent class analysis to derive distinct classes of pregnant women at risk for adverse birth outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Identified five distinct profiles of interrelated psychosocial and medical factors.
  • Profiles characterized by high medical factors or a combination of very low income and psychosocial factors showed the greatest risk.
  • Low and very low income profiles were also associated with increased risk for adverse birth outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Emphasizes the need for integrated screening and management of psychosocial risks within prenatal care.
  • Recommends monitoring and interdisciplinary team support for pregnant women identified with high-risk profiles.
Abstract

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