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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
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Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review.

Giuseppe Forte1, Francesca Favieri1, Maria Casagrande2

  • 1Dipartimento di Psicologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|July 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autonomic dysfunction, indicated by altered heart rate variability (HRV), is linked to poorer cognitive function. HRV may serve as an early biomarker for cognitive decline in individuals without dementia.

Keywords:
attentionexecutive functionsglobal cognitive functioningheart rate variabilitylanguagememoryprocessing speedvisuospatial skills

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Autonomic dysfunctions may precede cognitive impairment, but the link is not fully understood.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity.
  • Existing research has not comprehensively analyzed the association between HRV and cognitive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and various cognitive functions.
  • To investigate the potential of HRV as an early indicator of cognitive decline.
  • To explore the influence of the autonomic nervous system on cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA-Statement guidelines.
  • Inclusion of English, peer-reviewed studies measuring both HRV and cognitive function.
  • Exclusion of studies involving participants with dementia, stroke, psychiatric disorders, or severe medical conditions.
  • Analysis of 20 selected studies involving 19,431 participants across multiple cognitive domains.

Main Results:

  • Increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity correlate with diminished performance across cognitive domains.
  • These associations were observed in individuals without dementia or severe medical/psychiatric conditions.
  • Executive functions showed particular interest, but limited studies prevent definitive conclusions.

Conclusions:

  • The autonomic nervous system significantly influences cognitive functioning.
  • HRV shows promise as an early biomarker for cognitive impairment in populations without dementia or stroke.
  • Further research, particularly on executive functions, is needed to fully elucidate the ANS-cognitive relationship for preventative strategies.