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Colloids

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

Colloids and Suspensions

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

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Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated GadoliniumIII

An Aptamer-based Sensor for Unchelated GadoliniumIII

Published on: January 9, 2017

Gadolinium-based contrast agents: From gadolinium complexes to colloidal systems.

Marjorie Yon¹, Claire Billotey², Jean-Daniel Marty¹

¹Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, UMR CNRS 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|July 30, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Newer gadolinium contrast agents improve MRI imaging by enhancing relaxivity and preventing gadolinium release. Researchers explored polymer-bound and nanoparticle-based agents, alongside gadolinium particles, for safer, more effective diagnostics.

Keywords:

Gadolinium Gadolinium nanoparticles Hybrid polyion complexes MRI Magnetic resonance imaging Relaxivity

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Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

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Published on: July 21, 2011

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Nanotechnology
Materials Science

Background:

Current gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) face challenges regarding gadolinium release.
Enhanced relaxivity and improved safety profiles are critical for next-generation GBCAs.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate two novel families of gadolinium-based contrast agents.
To compare their performance against clinically used gadolinium complexes.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of GBCAs via covalent/non-covalent interactions with polymers, nanoparticles, or liposomes.
Formation of gadolinium particles (e.g., Gd2O3, GdPO4, NaGdF4) with controlled morphology.
Performance evaluation of novel agents compared to existing Gd complexes.

Main Results:

Novel GBCAs demonstrate promising relaxivity properties.
The developed agents show potential for reduced gadolinium release.
Comparative analysis highlights advantages over current clinical agents.

Conclusions:

Two novel families of GBCAs show significant potential for improved MRI.
These agents offer enhanced relaxivity and improved safety profiles.
Further development could lead to advanced diagnostic tools.