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Related Concept Videos

Capacitors01:15

Capacitors

883
Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
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MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

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A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
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Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

9.1K
A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
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Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

4.8K
Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
4.8K
Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

1.1K
A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
1.1K
Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor01:26

Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor

6.7K
A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric conducting spherical shells of radii R1 (inner shell) and R2 (outer shell). The shells have  equal and opposite charges of +Q and −Q, respectively. For an isolated conducting spherical capacitor, the radius of the outer shell can be considered to be infinite.
Conventionally, considering the  symmetry, the electric field between the concentric shells of a spherical capacitor is directed radially outward. The magnitude of the field,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
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A Low-Cost, Flexible Pressure Capacitor Sensor Using Polyurethane for Wireless Vehicle Detection.

Chien Khong Duc1,2, Van-Phuc Hoang1, Duy Tien Nguyen3

  • 1Faculty of Radio-Electronic Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, No. 236 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Co Nhue 1 Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.

Polymers
|July 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new flexible polymer pressure sensor offers a low-cost solution for vehicle detection. This innovative sensor, embedded in roads, enables wireless monitoring of vehicle axle, speed, and weight for intelligent transportation systems.

Keywords:
flexible pressure sensornon-intrusive monitoringpolyurethane polymervehicle detectionwireless data acquisition (DAQ)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Transportation Engineering

Background:

  • Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) require efficient vehicle detection for traffic management and safety.
  • Existing vehicle detection methods often lack cost-effectiveness and flexibility.
  • A need exists for low-cost, adaptable sensors for widespread road integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a low-cost, flexible polymer pressure sensor for vehicle detection.
  • To create a wireless system for real-time monitoring of vehicles on roads.
  • To evaluate the sensor's performance under realistic road conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a flexible sensor using polyurethane material sandwiched between aluminum electrodes.
  • Sensing mechanism based on capacitance changes due to pressure-induced electrode distance variation.
  • Field testing involving embedding the sensor in a road and detecting a passing vehicle.

Main Results:

  • The sensor exhibited a clear response to a pressure load of 0.65 MPa, consistent with vehicle tire contact pressure.
  • Demonstrated ease of road embedding due to mechanical flexibility and large size.
  • Successful wireless detection of vehicle parameters (axle, speed, weight) via a tablet interface.

Conclusions:

  • The developed flexible pressure sensor is a viable, low-cost component for vehicle detection.
  • The wireless sensing system shows promise for enhancing intelligent transportation management.
  • This technology offers a practical solution for real-time road traffic monitoring.