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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
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Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
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Activity-controlled annealing of colloidal monolayers.

Sophie Ramananarivo1,2, Etienne Ducrot3, Jeremie Palacci4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0319, USA.

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|July 31, 2019
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Active microparticles significantly speed up material annealing by generating internal fluctuations. This discovery opens new avenues for designing advanced materials with controlled internal activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Active Matter

Background:

  • Molecular motors are crucial in biological systems, driving transport and assembly through internal fluctuations.
  • Active colloids, engineered to move using consumed energy, offer potential for self-powered man-made materials.
  • The application of active colloids in materials science remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of self-propelled microparticles on the annealing process of passive materials.
  • To explore the potential of internal activity for controlling material properties and dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of a passive bead monolayer annealed with added self-propelled microparticles.
  • Theoretical modeling of particle collisions to explain the observed acceleration of annealing.
  • Brownian dynamics simulations to compare with experimental results and reveal underlying mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • A massive acceleration in the annealing of a passive bead monolayer was observed with the addition of self-propelled microparticles.
  • A collision-based model successfully rationalized the active fluctuations driving and activating the annealing process.
  • Brownian dynamics simulations revealed a dynamical transition in annealing mechanisms and active dopant localization (uniform distribution or grain boundary co-localization).

Conclusions:

  • Internal activity from self-propelled particles can be harnessed to significantly control and accelerate material processes like annealing.
  • The findings demonstrate the potential of active matter in materials science, moving beyond equilibrium principles.
  • This work lays the foundation for developing novel materials with built-in, controllable activity.