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Low-Slow-Small (LSS) Target Detection Based on Micro Doppler Analysis in Forward Scattering Radar Geometry.

Surajo Alhaji Musa1,2, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah3, Aduwati Sali1

  • 1Wireless and Photonics Networks (WIPNET), Department of Computer and Communication System Engineering University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

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Summary

This study demonstrates a novel method for detecting small, low-flying drones using micro-Doppler analysis from rotating blades in a Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) system. This approach enhances drone detection capabilities against biological targets.

Keywords:
Low-Slow-Small (LSS) target detectionforward scatter radar (FSR)micro Doppler

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Area of Science:

  • Radar Systems Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Aerospace Defense Technology

Background:

  • Civilian drone misuse presents a growing security challenge, requiring advanced detection methods.
  • Small, low-slow (LSS) drones are difficult to detect due to their small radar cross-section (RCS) and similarity to biological targets like birds.
  • Existing drone detection methods (RF, thermal, acoustic, video) have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of micro-Doppler analysis from drone rotating blades for detection within a Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) geometry.
  • To leverage the advantages of FSR, including improved RCS, direct signal perturbation, and high resolution for enhanced detection.
  • To validate the feasibility of using a parabolic dish antenna as a receiver in FSR for drone detection.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a received signal model for micro-Doppler analysis tailored to drone blades.
  • Conducted simulation work to model drone detection scenarios.
  • Performed experimental validation using a commercial drone and an FSR system with a parabolic dish antenna.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected a commercial drone using the FSR system.
  • Extracted micro-Doppler features characteristic of a rotating drone blade.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of a parabolic dish antenna as a receiver in the FSR configuration.

Conclusions:

  • The FSR system with micro-Doppler analysis of rotating blades is a feasible method for detecting small drones.
  • This approach offers improved detection capabilities compared to conventional radar systems.
  • The findings pave the way for implementing active or passive FSR systems for enhanced drone surveillance.