[Sarcoidosis following tuberculosis. Is there a link between these granulomatous diseases?]

We report the case of a 38-year old non-smoking female who initially presented to the hospital with frequent cough and sputum for several weeks. The investigations confirmed the diagnosis of tuberculosis and a triple therapy was introduced with clinical improvement. Two years later, the patient reported recurrence of respiratory symptoms. The new investigations concluded initially to a recurrence of tuberculosis and a quadriple therapy was introduced. The treatment was poorly tolerated and rapidly stopped. It was then decided to perform a biopsy through mediastinoscopy in the hilar ganglia, which confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The etiology of sarcoidosis is not yet clearly established, one of the hypothesis would be the direct involvement of an infectious agent that would induce an excessive immune response. The clinical case below supports a possible role of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.