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Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
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Neglect, HPA axis reactivity, and development.

Emily B Reilly1, Megan R Gunnar1

  • 1Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|August 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Child neglect, a form of maltreatment, can biologically impact development by altering the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This review examines factors like inflammation and genetics that mediate these long-term effects.

Keywords:
Child developmentHPA axisNeglect

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Area of Science:

  • Child maltreatment research
  • Developmental neuroscience
  • Stress response systems

Background:

  • Child neglect is a prevalent and chronic form of maltreatment.
  • Neglect can significantly impair child development and increase risks for physical and psychological issues.
  • Understanding the biological embedding of neglect is crucial for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how child neglect biologically shapes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
  • To examine mediators and moderators influencing the impact of neglect on the HPA axis.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the biological embedding of early life stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing research on child neglect and HPA axis development.
  • Analysis of studies investigating mediators and moderators of neglect's biological effects.
  • Examination of factors including inflammation, attachment, self-regulation, child demographics, and genetics.

Main Results:

  • Child neglect can lead to dysregulation of the HPA axis, a key stress response system.
  • Inflammation, social buffering, self-regulation, child sex/age, and genetics are identified as critical factors.
  • These factors influence the pathway through which neglect becomes biologically embedded.

Conclusions:

  • The HPA axis is a primary biological system affected by child neglect.
  • Multiple factors interact to determine the long-term biological consequences of neglect.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions for improved interventions.