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What we know--and don't--about non-nutritive sweeteners.

Joy Dugan1, Jeff W Chiu2, Jay H Shubrook3

  • 1Touro University California, Joint Master of Physician Assistant Studies and Master of Public Health Program, Vallejo, USA.

The Journal of Family Practice
|August 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Artificial sweeteners are evaluated for their impact on weight, appetite, and type 2 diabetes risk. Research explores their safety and metabolic effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Health
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Artificial sweeteners are widely used sugar substitutes.
  • Concerns exist regarding their long-term health effects.
  • Understanding their role in metabolic diseases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on artificial sweetener safety.
  • To examine the effects of artificial sweeteners on body weight.
  • To assess the association between artificial sweetener consumption and type 2 diabetes risk.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of relevant studies.
  • Analysis of data from observational and intervention studies.
  • Evaluation of research on artificial sweeteners, weight, appetite, and diabetes.

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Main Results:

  • Evidence on weight management is mixed, with some studies showing no significant effect.
  • Some research suggests a potential link between artificial sweetener intake and increased appetite.
  • The relationship with type 2 diabetes risk requires further investigation, with varied findings.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial sweeteners' safety profile is complex and warrants ongoing research.
  • Their impact on weight and appetite may vary depending on the specific sweetener and individual factors.
  • More high-quality studies are needed to clarify the association with type 2 diabetes.