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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Solution-Processed "Silver-Bismuth-Iodine" Ternary Thin Films for Lead-Free Photovoltaic Absorbers
Published on: September 27, 2018
Optimization of Self-Cleaning Thin-Film Layer for Photovoltaic Applications
Jeong-In Park1, Yong-Seob Park2, Won-Je Oh1
1Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
Abstract:
To improve the productivity of a photovoltaic (PV) module, TiO₂ thin films of different thicknesses were applied as a self-cleaning layer on soda-lime glass and a Si PV module by spray-coating a TiO₂ solution. The structural, optical, and wettability characteristics of the TiO₂ thin films were investigated with respect to the thickness. Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, contact-angle analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a solar simulator were used to analyze the prepared TiO₂ thin films. The optimal thickness was determined to be 100 nm. The TiO₂ thin film exhibited a self-cleaning ability even after post-annealing at 250 °C. After the self-cleaning ability was confirmed, the TiO₂ thin film was applied to the PV module.
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