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VO2-based switchable radiator for spacecraft thermal control.

Heungsoo Kim1, Kwok Cheung2, Raymond C Y Auyeung2

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This study demonstrates a passive switchable radiator for spacecraft thermal control using vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films. It achieved a significant 7x difference in radiative cooling power by controlling emissivity through phase transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Thermal Engineering

Background:

  • Spacecraft thermal control systems require efficient methods for managing internal temperatures.
  • Passive radiative cooling is a desirable technology for its low power consumption and reliability.
  • Dynamic control over radiative properties can enhance thermal management capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of a solid-state passive switchable radiator for spacecraft thermal control.
  • To measure the radiative properties and cooling power of a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film based resonant absorber.
  • To present theoretical and experimental data for radiator performance and VO2 optical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Direct calorimetric measurements were conducted in a simulated space environment.
  • The radiator utilized a multilayer VO2 thin film exhibiting thermochromic phase change for dynamic emissivity control.
  • Infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry was employed to determine the optical properties of VO2.

Main Results:

  • A significant radiated power difference of 480 W/m² was measured between 300 K and 373 K.
  • This power difference corresponded to a 7x variation in radiative cooling power.
  • Theoretical and experimental radiator values (normal and hemispherical) were obtained.

Conclusions:

  • The developed solid-state passive switchable radiator shows promise for effective spacecraft thermal control.
  • Dynamic emissivity control via VO2 phase change offers a substantial improvement in radiative cooling.
  • The study provides valuable data on VO2 optical properties and radiator performance for future applications.