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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
Published on: August 13, 2019
Bone Grafts, Bone Substitutes, and Orthobiologics: Applications in Plastic Surgery
Anjali Raghuram1, Aspinder Singh2, Daniel K Chang3
1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Abstract:
As reconstructive needs often extend past the soft tissue alone, a plastic surgeon must also be well versed in the methods of bony reconstruction. Understanding of the basic science of fracture healing and the biochemical mechanisms of the different bone grafts, bone substitutes, and orthobiologics is essential to selecting among the many different options available to the modern plastic surgeon. This review provides a broad overview of these different options and the specific applications for plastic surgeons based on anatomic location.
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