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Correlation between Allergic Rhinitis and Otitis Media with Effusion.

Mohammad Reza Sharifian1, Mahmoud Mahmoudi2, Babak Pourmomenarabi1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

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Summary

Allergic rhinitis is more common in children with otitis media with effusion (OME), a frequent cause of childhood hearing loss. This suggests a potential link between allergic rhinitis and OME development.

Keywords:
Allergic rhinitisNasal mucosaOtitis media with effusion

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a leading cause of hearing loss and surgical intervention in children.
  • The role of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated hypersensitivity in OME pathogenesis remains debated.
  • This study investigates the potential association between allergic rhinitis and OME.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the correlation between allergic rhinitis and the development of otitis media with effusion in children.
  • To evaluate allergic rhinitis prevalence, IgE levels, and eosinophil counts in children with and without OME.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study involving 37 OME children and 52 controls.
  • Assessment of allergic rhinitis, serum total IgE, serum eosinophil count, and nasal cytology.
  • Skin prick testing performed on OME patients and suspected allergic rhinitis controls.

Main Results:

  • Allergic rhinitis prevalence was significantly higher in the OME group (P=0.01).
  • No significant differences were found in serum IgE levels or peripheral eosinophil counts between groups.
  • Nasal eosinophil differences were not significant overall, but were notable in allergic rhinitis patients within the OME group (P=0.004).

Conclusions:

  • A potential correlation exists between allergic rhinitis and the development of OME.
  • Screening allergic rhinitis patients for OME is a reasonable clinical consideration.