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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Long noncoding RNAs in thyroid cancer.

Mahsa Sedaghati1, Electron Kebebew

  • 1Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|August 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in thyroid cancer development and progression. These molecules show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer, linking to genetic drivers and clinical features.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Multiomic studies have advanced understanding of thyroid cancer molecular pathology.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in cancer initiation and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of lncRNAs in thyroid cancer.
  • To highlight the clinical utility of lncRNAs as biomarkers for thyroid cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of multiomic studies focusing on lncRNAs in thyroid cancer.
  • Analysis of lncRNA dysregulation, function, and association with clinicopathologic features.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are dysregulated in thyroid cancer, exhibiting both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic functions.
  • lncRNAs are involved in established genetic drivers of thyroid cancer.
  • Specific lncRNAs correlate with clinicopathologic features and may serve as circulating biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for thyroid cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Understanding lncRNA associations with genetic alterations can refine thyroid cancer management.