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Bound States in the Continuum through Environmental Design.

Alexander Cerjan1, Chia Wei Hsu2, Mikael C Rechtsman1

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We introduce a new method to create bound states in the continuum (BICs) by controlling radiation channels. This approach enables BICs in photonic crystals and leads to exceptional points connected by Fermi arcs.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are unique wave phenomena with profound implications in optics and condensed matter.
  • Conventional methods for realizing BICs often face limitations in tunability and experimental realization, especially in three-dimensional systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel paradigm for engineering BICs by controlling the radiative environment of a system.
  • To explore the formation of both point and line BICs in photonic crystal structures.
  • To investigate the emergence of exceptional points and their connection to BICs and leaky resonances.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering the environment of a photonic crystal slab to control the number of available radiation channels.
  • Utilizing theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to study the behavior of light in the engineered photonic crystal.
  • Analyzing the band structure and spectral properties to identify BICs, leaky resonances, and exceptional points.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the realization of isolated points and lines of BICs in different regions of the Brillouin zone of a photonic crystal slab.
  • Showcased the formation of exceptional points at the intersection of BIC lines and leaky resonance lines.
  • Identified a bulk Fermi arc connecting these exceptional points.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a versatile approach to control and engineer BICs by manipulating the system's environment.
  • This work opens new avenues for realizing BICs in complex three-dimensional geometries, including 3D-printed structures and self-assembled systems.
  • The findings have significant implications for developing novel photonic devices and exploring fundamental physics phenomena.