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Early Childhood Vaccination Status of Preterm Infants
Annika M Hofstetter1,2, Elizabeth N Jacobson3, M Patricia deHart4
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; annika.hofstetter@seattlechildrens.org.
Pediatrics
|August 9, 2019
Summary
Preterm infants are less likely to complete their recommended vaccine series on time. Many do not catch up on essential immunizations even by 36 months, highlighting a need for improved vaccination strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Preterm infants face higher risks of vaccine-preventable diseases and complications.
- Timely vaccination in vulnerable preterm populations is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the timely completion of the 7-vaccine series in preterm versus term/postterm infants.
- To assess vaccination catch-up rates by 36 months of age.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of infants born between 2008-2013.
- Linked electronic health records and immunization data.
- Used logistic regression to compare 7-vaccine series completion rates.
Main Results:
- 19.3% of infants were preterm; they had lower 7-vaccine series completion by 19 months (47.5% vs 54.0%) and 36 months (63.6% vs 71.3%).
- Both early and late preterm infants showed reduced vaccination rates compared to term infants.
- Influenza vaccination coverage also varied significantly by gestational age.
Conclusions:
- Over half of preterm infants remained undervaccinated at 19 months.
- One-third of preterm infants did not achieve catch-up vaccination by 36 months.
- New strategies are essential to enhance vaccination rates in high-risk preterm infants.
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