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A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
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Randomized Experiments01:13

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Research waste in surgical randomized controlled trials.

S J Chapman1, M Aldaffaa2, C L Downey1

  • 1Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

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Research waste is prevalent in surgical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with over 85% showing issues like non-publication or poor reporting. Initiatives should focus on improving single-center, underfunded surgical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Surgical Trials
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Research waste poses a significant challenge in evidence-based medicine, leading to resource misuse and increased participant risk.
  • Quantifying waste in surgical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is crucial for identifying areas for improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the components of research waste in surgical RCTs.
  • To identify specific targets for reducing waste in surgical research.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of ClinicalTrials.gov identified surgical RCTs registered between 2011-2012.
  • Research waste was defined as non-publication, inadequate reporting (CONSORT checklist), or avoidable design limitations (bias, lack of systematic review).
  • Publication status was determined via PubMed and Scopus searches.

Main Results:

  • Of 304 eligible surgical RCTs, 85.2% exhibited research waste.
  • Adequate reporting was low, especially for non-pharmacological interventions (27%).
  • Over 72% of reviewed RCTs had avoidable design limitations; multicenter and externally funded trials showed less waste.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical RCTs face a substantial burden of research waste.
  • Future efforts should prioritize improving single-center and less-supported surgical RCTs to mitigate waste.