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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Gene Therapy00:59

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
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An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

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RNA-based therapy for osteogenesis.

Pinpin Wang1, Federico Perche1, Delphine Logeart-Avramoglou2

  • 1Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, Orléans Cedex 02, France.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|August 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA-based therapies, including messenger RNA (mRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), offer efficient cytoplasmic delivery for bone regeneration. These nucleic acid therapies target osteogenesis for bone defects and osteoporosis.

Keywords:
Gene therapyOsteogenesisOsteoporosisProtein replacementRNA interferencemRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Molecular Therapy

Background:

  • Nucleic acid-based therapies show promise for bone regeneration.
  • Plasmid DNA (pDNA) therapy faces challenges with nuclear trafficking, efficiency, and side effects.
  • RNA therapies (mRNA, siRNA, miRNA) function in the cytoplasm, offering advantages for osteoblast transfection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review messenger RNA (mRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) based therapies for bone regeneration.
  • To summarize therapeutic targets for bone defect and osteoporosis treatment.
  • To compare the efficacy of RNA-based therapies versus traditional pDNA approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of mRNA and siRNA applications in bone regeneration.
  • Analysis of RNA targeting strategies for osteogenesis.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies.

Main Results:

  • RNA therapies bypass nuclear trafficking limitations of pDNA.
  • mRNA therapy promotes osteogenesis via growth factor delivery (positive regulation).
  • siRNA therapy inhibits factors impairing osteogenesis (negative regulation/gene silencing).

Conclusions:

  • mRNA and siRNA therapies are promising for accelerating bone regeneration.
  • These nucleic acid approaches offer enhanced efficiency and targeted delivery for bone defects and osteoporosis.
  • RNA-based strategies represent a significant advancement in regenerative medicine for skeletal disorders.