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Attentional guidance varies with display density.

Marlies Van de Weijgert1, Erik Van der Burg2, Mieke Donk3

  • 1Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Engineering, Design and Computing, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Delft, the Netherlands.

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Display density significantly impacts visual search. Denser displays rely more on target-area salience for attentional guidance, unlike sparser displays where search efficiency is influenced more broadly.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Attentional guidance is crucial for efficient visual search.
  • Display density can influence how attention is directed.
  • Heterogeneous search displays present complex visual environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of display density on attentional guidance.
  • To understand how heterogeneous search display properties evolve with search efficiency.
  • To determine the role of salience-driven attention in sparse versus dense displays.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1 used genetic algorithms to adaptively modify sparse and dense search displays based on search times.
  • Experiment 2 employed a factorial design to assess the impact of distractors in the target area.
  • Spatial analyses were conducted to examine changes in display properties across generations.

Main Results:

  • Sparse displays evolved to reduce distractors sharing the target color.
  • Dense displays evolved to reduce distractors sharing target color only when orientation matched.
  • Display changes occurred broadly in sparse displays but were localized to the target area in dense displays.

Conclusions:

  • Salience-driven attentional guidance plays a larger role in dense than sparse displays.
  • Search efficiency in dense displays is more affected by distractors near the target.
  • Attentional guidance mechanisms adapt differently based on display density.