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Malocclusions in primary and early mixed dentition in very preterm children

Elina Maaniitty1, Tero Vahlberg2, Petra Lüthje1

  • 1Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
|August 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Very preterm children show higher odds of dental crowding in primary dentition compared to full-term peers. However, occlusal traits become similar in early mixed dentition, though preterm children more often receive orthodontic treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Neonatal Health
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Malocclusions are common dental developmental issues.
  • Preterm birth is associated with various health complications, potentially including oral health.
  • Understanding early dental development in preterm infants is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare malocclusion prevalence in primary and early mixed dentition between very preterm and full-term children.
  • To identify specific occlusal traits that differ between these groups during early dental development.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 205 very preterm children and 205 age- and gender-matched full-term children.
  • Data collected from hospital and public health dental registers.
  • Prevalence of malocclusions, including crowding, overbite, and overjet, was assessed in primary and early mixed dentition.

Main Results:

  • In primary dentition, very preterm children had significantly higher odds of dental crowding (OR=2.94) and lower odds of increased overjet (OR=0.19).
  • A tendency towards increased overbite was observed in the preterm group (OR=1.55).
  • In early mixed dentition, no significant differences in occlusal traits were found, but very preterm children were more likely to have undergone orthodontic treatment (OR=2.80).

Conclusions:

  • Malocclusion prevalence differs between very preterm and full-term children during primary dentition.
  • Occlusal development appears to normalize or become more similar between groups by the early mixed dentition stage.
  • Preterm children may require more frequent orthodontic interventions even if initial occlusal traits are similar.

Keywords:
Non-nutritive sucking habitmalocclusionocclusal traitsorthodontic treatmentpreterm birth

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