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From self-induced to perceived errors - A generalized over-monitoring activity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

L Carmi1, U Alyagon2, N Barnea-Ygael2

  • 1School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|August 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to an overactive brain error detection system. Both Error-Related Negativity (ERN) and Perceived Error Related Theta Activity (PERTA) show modifications in OCD patients and their families.

Keywords:
EEGERNError-monitoringOCD

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Effective error monitoring is crucial for adaptive behavior; its dysfunction is a hallmark of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Error-Related Negativity (ERN) and Perceived Error Related Theta Activity (PERTA) are neural signals reflecting error processing and discrepancy detection, respectively.
  • While enhanced ERN is documented in OCD, PERTA's role in the disorder remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ERN and PERTA in individuals with OCD, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls.
  • To determine if alterations in ERN and PERTA are present in OCD and familial vulnerability.
  • To explore the temporal dynamics of these neural signals in error monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from OCD patients, their siblings (Family group), and healthy controls (HC).
  • ERN was assessed using a Stroop task, while PERTA was examined by presenting correct and incorrect mathematical equations.
  • EEG data were analyzed for specific components related to error commission (ERN) and perceived errors (PERTA N1 peak).

Main Results:

  • Both OCD patients and their siblings showed increased ERN, but only the OCD group's ERN significantly differed from controls.
  • Modified PERTA activity was observed in both OCD patients and siblings, with only the OCD group's PERTA N1 peak significantly differing from controls.
  • Fast-occurring peaks for both ERN and PERTA suggest a constantly over-activated detection system in OCD.

Conclusions:

  • OCD is associated with an over-activated neural system for monitoring inner and outer environments, reacting rapidly to errors.
  • The non-significant differences in the Family group suggest a neuronal predisposition that may evolve into a pathological condition.
  • These findings highlight potential early markers of vulnerability to OCD within families.