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Published on: January 7, 2019
Sodium Naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate: An Anode for Sodium Batteries
Joel M Cabañero1, Vanessa Pimenta1, Kieran C Cannon1
1School of Chemistry, East Chem, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
Abstract:
The conjugated dicarboxylate sodium naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate (Na2 NDC) was prepared by a low-energy-consumption reflux method, and its performance as a negative electrode for sodium-ion batteries was evaluated in electrochemical cells. The structure of Na2 NDC was solved for the first time (monoclinic P21 /c) from powder XRD data and consists of π-stacked naphthalene units separated by sodium-oxygen layers. Through an appropriate choice of binder and conducting carbon additive, Na2 NDC exhibited a reversible two electron sodium insertion at approximately 0.4 V (vs. Na+ /Na) with remarkably stable capacities of approximately 200 mAh g-1 at a rate of C/2 and good rate capability (≈133 mAh g-1 at 5 C). In parallel, the high thermal stability of the material was demonstrated by high-temperature XRD: the framework remained intact to above 500 °C.
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