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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.     
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones01:29

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Infrared spectroscopy, also known as vibrational spectroscopy, is mainly used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups in molecules. In aldehydes and ketones, the carbonyl (C=O) bond shows an absorption around 1710 cm-1. The C=O bond vibration of an aldehyde occurs at lower frequencies than that of a ketone. In addition to the C=O absorption in an aldehyde, the aldehydic C–H bond also gives two peaks in the 2700–2800 cm-1 range. This absorption, coupled with the...
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In IR spectroscopy of carboxylic acids, the C=O bond shows a characteristic band between 1710 and 1760 cm⁻¹, and the O–H bond exhibits a broad band between 2500 and 3300 cm⁻¹.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems

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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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Hydrogel Functionalized Polyester Fabrics by UV-Induced Photopolymerization.

Emanuela Lorusso1,2, Wael Ali3,4, Marcus Hildebrandt5

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Grafting hydrogels onto polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics using UV light creates durable materials. This fast, low-cost method tailors fabric properties for specific technical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics lack inherent hydrophilicity and specific functionalities.
  • Grafting hydrogels offers a route to impart new properties to textiles.
  • Developing efficient methods for hydrogel grafting is crucial for advanced textile applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for grafting hydrogels onto PET fabrics.
  • To investigate the influence of different acrylate monomers on hydrogel properties.
  • To evaluate the performance of hydrogel-modified PET fabrics.

Main Methods:

  • Two-step modification of PET fabric surface.
  • Introduction of double functional groups via aminolysis with allylamine.
  • UV-induced radical photopolymerization of acrylate monomers with a cross-linker.

Main Results:

  • Successfully grafted hydrogel networks onto PET fabrics.
  • Hydrogel morphology and abrasion resistance varied with monomer type.
  • UV-photopolymerization proved effective for fabric modification.

Conclusions:

  • UV-photopolymerization is a viable, rapid, and economical technique for hydrogel grafting onto PET fabrics.
  • The chemical nature of acrylate monomers dictates the final hydrogel properties.
  • This method enables the creation of technical fabrics with tailored functionalities.