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Alyssin and Iberin in Cruciferous Vegetables Exert Anticancer Activity in HepG2 by Increasing Intracellular Reactive

Piman Pocasap1, Natthida Weerapreeyakul2,3, Kanjana Thumanu4

  • 1Research and Development in Pharmaceuticals Program, Graduate School, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.

Biomolecules & Therapeutics
|August 14, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Alyssin and iberin, types of isothiocyanates (ITCs), show anticancer potential against liver cancer cells by inducing cell death and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further research into these compounds for chemotherapy is recommended.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are plant-derived compounds with known chemopreventive properties.
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health concern, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro anticancer activities and molecular targets of alyssin and iberin.
  • To compare the efficacy of these ITCs with sulforaphane in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of HepG2 cells with varying concentrations of ITCs (alyssin, iberin, sulforaphane).
  • Analysis of biomolecular alterations using SR-FTIR spectroscopy.
  • Assessment of cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), DNA interaction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and tubulin polymerization.
  • Cell cycle analysis to determine arrest phases.

Main Results:

  • All tested ITCs induced cancer cell death via apoptosis and necrosis in a concentration-dependent manner (20-80 μM).
  • ITCs did not interact with DNA but increased intracellular ROS and suppressed tubulin polymerization, leading to cell cycle arrest (S and G2/M phases).
  • Alyssin demonstrated the most potent anticancer activity, potentially linked to higher ROS induction.

Conclusions:

  • Alyssin and iberin exhibit significant in vitro anticancer potential against hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
  • The findings suggest ITCs, particularly alyssin, as promising candidates for further development as chemotherapeutic agents for hepatic cancer.
  • Further investigation into the structure-activity relationship of ITCs is warranted.
Keywords:
AlyssinHepG2IberinIsothiocyanatesReactive oxygen speciesTubulin depolymerization

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