Primary encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in a tuberculosis-endemic region.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Infectious Diseases
• Radiology

Background:

• Primary encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (PEPS) is a rare condition.
• It is often misdiagnosed as abdominal tuberculosis, especially in tuberculosis-endemic regions.
• Recurrent intestinal obstruction can be a presenting symptom.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the diagnostic challenges of PEPS.
• To differentiate PEPS from abdominal tuberculosis.
• To guide appropriate clinical management.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical cases with suspected abdominal tuberculosis or PEPS.
• Analysis of computed tomography (CT) scan findings.
• Correlation of imaging with clinical history.

Main Results:

• Characteristic CT findings can aid in differentiating PEPS from abdominal tuberculosis.
• A high index of suspicion is necessary for accurate diagnosis.
• Empirical antituberculosis treatment may be inappropriate without strong evidence.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis of PEPS requires careful evaluation, especially in endemic areas.
• CT imaging plays a vital role in distinguishing PEPS from abdominal tuberculosis.
• Avoid empirical antituberculosis treatment for suspected PEPS unless strongly indicated.