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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
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The center of gravity of a body is an imaginary point where the body's total weight is assumed to be concentrated, and the body is perfectly balanced. The center of the mass of a body is a point at which the whole of the mass of the body appears to be concentrated. If the acceleration due to gravity, g, has the same value at all points on a body, its center of gravity is identical to its center of mass. The center of gravity of homogeneous bodies such as a sphere, cube, or rectangular plate...
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Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH01:19

Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH

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Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

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Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

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In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction
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Visualization and Analysis of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries using Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry and 3D Reconstruction

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[Pharyngeal acid load and different functional endoscopy findings].

F Michel1, R Dannesberger2, T Stroh3

  • 1HNO-Praxis im Kreiskrankenhaus, Hauptstraße 30, 64342, Seeheim-Jugenheim, Deutschland. ohrweh@me.com.

HNO
|August 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Pharyngeal acid exposure is linked to upper esophageal sphincter insufficiency, esophagitis, and gastric heterotopia. Elevated acid levels in the pharynx indicate pathological reflux, potentially causing airway symptoms.

Keywords:
Chronic bronchitisEndoscopyEsophageal pH monitoringEsophagoscopyLaryngopharyngeal reflux

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) diagnosis is challenging.
  • Functional endoscopy reveals various upper aerodigestive tract findings.
  • Oropharyngeal pH monitoring aids in assessing acid exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between pharyngeal acid exposure and findings on functional endoscopy.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic value of functional endoscopy for LPR.
  • To explore the pathogenetic relationship between specific endoscopic findings and reflux-associated symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Functional endoscopy of the upper aerodigestive tract.
  • Oropharyngeal pH measurement to quantify pharyngeal acid load.
  • Correlation analysis between endoscopic findings and pH data.

Main Results:

  • Findings like upper esophageal sphincter insufficiency, cardia insufficiency, esophagitis, gastric heterotopia, and axial sliding hernia correlate with pharyngeal acid exposure.
  • Significantly increased pharyngeal acid loads were observed in cases of gastric heterotopia and axial sliding hernia.
  • Pharyngeal acid load measurements were consistently in the pathological or very pathological range.

Conclusions:

  • Functional endoscopy is valuable for diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux.
  • Gastric heterotopia and axial sliding hernia are associated with high pharyngeal acid loads.
  • These findings may contribute to otorhinolaryngologic symptoms, suggesting a pathogenetic link to reflux.