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Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care...
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The secondary and tertiary amines are derivatives of ammonia, where two and three of its hydrogens are replaced by alkyl groups, respectively. Secondary and tertiary amines can be symmetrical with identical alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom or unsymmetrical when more than one type of alkyl group is present. The standard nomenclature of secondary and tertiary amines is similar to the names given to the primary amines. They are generally named alkylamines. As depicted in Figure 1, for...
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Treating arylamines with nitrous acid gives aryldiazonium salts that are effective substrates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The diazonio group in these salts can be easily displaced by different nucleophiles, yielding a wide variety of substituted benzenes. The leaving group departs as nitrogen gas, and this easy elimination is the driving force for the substitution reaction.
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Aromatic β-sheet foldamers based on tertiary squaramides.

Joan Atcher1, Aki Nagai, Peter Mayer

  • 1Department of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany. ivan.huc@lmu.de.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|August 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tertiary amides prefer cis conformations, enabling tertiary squaramides to act as hairpin turns. This promotes aromatic beta-sheet folding, with head-to-head arrangements dominating in long, bent sequences.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • N,N-aryl, alkyl tertiary amides exhibit a strong preference for cis conformations.
  • This conformational preference is crucial for molecular folding and structural organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of tertiary squaramides as hairpin turn units.
  • To explore the promotion of aromatic beta-sheet folding using these units.
  • To analyze the resulting aromatic arrangements in folded structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing tertiary squaramides to induce hairpin turns in peptide sequences.
  • Synthesizing and characterizing aromatic beta-sheet structures.
  • Employing structural analysis techniques to determine aromatic arrangements.

Main Results:

  • Tertiary squaramides effectively function as hairpin turn units.
  • The folding of aromatic beta-sheets is successfully promoted.
  • Head-to-head aromatic arrangements are observed to be prevalent in extended, bent aromatic sequences.

Conclusions:

  • Tertiary squaramides are valuable tools for controlling the folding of aromatic beta-sheets.
  • The conformational preference of tertiary amides can be leveraged for creating specific molecular architectures.
  • Understanding these arrangements provides insights into molecular self-assembly and protein folding.