Embracing high performance potassium-ion batteries with phosphorus-based electrodes: a review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Growing energy demands and lithium-ion battery (LIB) costs drive interest in potassium ion batteries (KIBs).
• Phosphorus (P) and P-based composites show promise as electrode materials for LIBs and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs).
• Exploration of P-based materials for KIBs is a recent but rapidly developing field.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of P-based electrode materials for KIBs.
• To discuss synthetic strategies, electrochemical performance, and ion storage mechanisms.
• To identify challenges and future research directions for P-based KIBs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research on P-based electrode materials for KIBs.
• Analysis of synthetic approaches and their impact on material properties.
• Evaluation of electrochemical data and proposed ion storage mechanisms.

Main Results:

• P-based materials are emerging as viable candidates for both anodes and cathodes in KIBs.
• Various synthetic methods influence the performance and stability of P-based KIB electrodes.
• Understanding ion storage mechanisms is crucial for optimizing P-based KIBs.

Conclusions:

• P-based materials hold significant potential for next-generation KIBs.
• Further research is needed to overcome challenges related to cycling stability and rate capability.
• This review consolidates current knowledge to guide future development and commercialization of P-based KIBs.