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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Microfluidic Device for Recreating a Tumor Microenvironment in Vitro
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Nanoparticle Interactions with the Tumor Microenvironment.

Yanyan Huai, Md Nazir Hossen, Stefan Wilhelm1

  • 1Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73072 , United States.

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|August 14, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) presents unique characteristics exploitable for cancer therapy. This review explores nanoparticle (NP) interactions with the TME, highlighting challenges and strategies for effective nanomedicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits distinct features like hypoxia, acidosis, and abnormal vasculature compared to normal tissues.
  • These aberrant TME characteristics offer potential targets for developing novel anticancer therapies.
  • Nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery systems are increasingly investigated for cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the composition and pathophysiology of the TME.
  • To introduce nanoparticles (NPs) utilized in cancer therapy.
  • To discuss the interactions between the TME and NPs, and outline challenges and strategies for TME-based nanotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of TME characteristics and nanoparticle applications in cancer.
  • Analysis of TME-NP interactions.
  • Identification of challenges and potential solutions for nanotherapy targeting the TME.

Main Results:

  • The TME possesses unique physicochemical properties that can be leveraged for targeted drug delivery.
  • Various NPs have been designed to interact with specific TME components or overcome its barriers.
  • Significant challenges remain in achieving efficient NP delivery and therapeutic efficacy within the TME.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TME pathophysiology is crucial for designing effective nanotherapeutics.
  • Exploiting TME anomalies with NPs holds promise for improved cancer treatment outcomes.
  • Overcoming TME-related challenges is key to advancing nanomedicine for cancer therapy.