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Changes in Alcohol Use after Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Predictors and Mechanisms
Valentina Ivezaj1, Stephen C Benoit2, Jon Davis3
1Yale School of Medicine, 301 Cedar Street, 2nd Floor, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA. valentina.ivezaj@yale.edu.
Purpose Of Review:
This review synthesized the literature on predictors and mechanisms of post-bariatric alcohol problems, in order to guide future research on prevention and treatment targets.
Recent Findings:
Consistent evidence suggests an elevated risk of developing problems with alcohol following bariatric surgery. While there is a paucity of empirical data on predictors of problematic alcohol use after bariatric surgery, being male, a younger age, smoking, regular alcohol consumption, pre-surgical alcohol use disorder, and a lower sense of belonging have predicted alcohol misuse post-operatively. This review synthesizes potential mechanisms including specific bariatric surgical procedures, peptides and reinforcement/reward pathways, pharmacokinetics, and genetic influences. Finally, potential misperceptions regarding mechanisms are explored. Certain bariatric procedures elevate the risk of alcohol misuse post-operatively. Future research should serve to elucidate the complexities of reward signaling, genetically mediated mechanisms, and pharmacokinetics in relation to alcohol use across gender and developmental period by surgery type.
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