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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
3.9K
Joints01:26

Joints

35.5K
Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Isolation, Expansion, and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Infrapatellar Fat Pad of the Goat Stifle Joint
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Isolation, Expansion, and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Infrapatellar Fat Pad of the Goat Stifle Joint

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Generating Differential Ligamentotaxis Across the Radiocarpal Joint.

Gregory K Faucher1, Brent G Parks1, Neal B Zimmerman1

  • 1The Curtis National Hand Center, Baltimore, Maryland.

Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances
|August 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Traction on the index finger metacarpal selectively stresses the radial column of the distal radius. Conversely, long finger traction selectively loads the ulnar column, offering targeted force application in orthopedic surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Hand Surgery

Background:

  • Distal radius fractures are common, impacting the radial and ulnar columns.
  • Understanding force transmission is crucial for effective fracture fixation and surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether index or long finger metacarpal traction selectively distracts the radial or ulnar column of the distal radius.
  • To determine the relationship between applied traction force and transmitted force in each column.

Main Methods:

  • Eight human cadaveric upper extremity specimens were used.
  • The distal radius was osteotomized, and plates were applied to the index and long finger metacarpals.
  • Progressive traction forces (4.5N to 89N) were applied sequentially to each metacarpal.

Main Results:

  • Index finger metacarpal traction significantly increased distraction force in the radial column.
  • Long finger metacarpal traction significantly increased distraction force in the ulnar column.
  • Force transmission increased linearly with increasing applied load in both columns.

Conclusions:

  • Selective traction applied to the index or long finger metacarpal can differentially load the radial or ulnar columns of the distal radius.
  • This finding has implications for surgical techniques aiming for precise force application in distal radius fracture management.