Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Relationship Formation02:12

Relationship Formation

45.2K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
45.2K
Ending Relationships01:28

Ending Relationships

172
The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
172
Relationship Growth01:27

Relationship Growth

208
Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...
208
Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

8.6K
The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
8.6K
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

3.2K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
3.2K
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

1.1K
The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sacrospinous Hysteropexy With Mesh vs Vaginal Hysterectomy for Treatment of Uterovaginal Prolapse: 10-Year Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA surgery·2026
Same author

Goal Achievement in Women With Urinary Incontinence After Midurethral Sling.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

STRIVING FOR DIVERSITY IN POPULATION-BASED RESEARCH: STRATEGIES AND OUTCOMES IN THE RISE FOR HEALTH STUDY.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same author

The Impact of Obesity on Perioperative Complications in Prolapse Patients ≥ 70 Years Old.

International urogynecology journal·2026
Same author

Urethral Morphology and Support Associated with Urinary Symptoms after Vaginal Surgery with and without Midurethral Sling.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Stool Microbiota, Metabolites, and Fecal Incontinence in Women.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Method to Define the Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Colon Microbiome Biodiversity in a Mouse Colon Tumor Model
08:14

A Method to Define the Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Colon Microbiome Biodiversity in a Mouse Colon Tumor Model

Published on: February 28, 2018

9.3K

Defining the relationship between vaginal and urinary microbiomes.

Yuko M Komesu1, Darrell L Dinwiddie2, Holly E Richter3

  • 1Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|August 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The vaginal and urinary microbiomes are significantly linked, with Lactobacillus dominating both. This connection is crucial for understanding and treating urogenital conditions like urinary incontinence.

Keywords:
Lactobacillusmixed urinary incontinenceurinary microbiomeurologic conditionsvaginal microbiome

More Related Videos

Protocols for Vaginal Inoculation and Sample Collection in the Experimental Mouse Model of Candida vaginitis
07:57

Protocols for Vaginal Inoculation and Sample Collection in the Experimental Mouse Model of Candida vaginitis

Published on: December 8, 2011

34.3K
Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip
08:15

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

3.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Method to Define the Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Colon Microbiome Biodiversity in a Mouse Colon Tumor Model
08:14

A Method to Define the Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Colon Microbiome Biodiversity in a Mouse Colon Tumor Model

Published on: February 28, 2018

9.3K
Protocols for Vaginal Inoculation and Sample Collection in the Experimental Mouse Model of Candida vaginitis
07:57

Protocols for Vaginal Inoculation and Sample Collection in the Experimental Mouse Model of Candida vaginitis

Published on: December 8, 2011

34.3K
Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip
08:15

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Research on Vaginal Microbiome Interactions Using a Vaginal Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

3.3K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Urogynecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The vaginal and urinary tract microbiomes are adjacent yet distinct microbial communities.
  • Limited research has explored the relationship between these two critical environments.
  • Understanding this connection is vital for managing urogenital health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the vaginal and urinary tract microbiomes.
  • To determine if microbial compositions in these two sites are associated.
  • To identify shared and distinct bacterial taxa between the two environments.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to analyze paired vaginal and urine samples from 197 women.
  • Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance was quantified for both sample types.
  • Pearson correlation and canonical correlation analyses were used to assess associations between microbiomes and clinical variables.

Main Results:

  • A significant overlap was observed in the most abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) between vaginal and urinary samples.
  • Lactobacillus was the predominant genus in both environments, showing a strong positive correlation (r=0.53).
  • Other correlated genera included Gardnerella (r=0.70), Prevotella (r=0.64), and Ureaplasma (r=0.50).
  • Tepidimonas and Flavobacterium were identified as key discriminators of the urinary microbiome, being absent in the vagina.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a significant association between vaginal and urinary tract microbiomes.
  • The predominance of Lactobacillus in both sites highlights a shared microbial signature.
  • These findings have implications for therapeutic strategies targeting the urogenital microbiome for conditions like urinary tract infections and incontinence.