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Emerging technologies for antibiotic susceptibility testing.

Bhagaban Behera1, G K Anil Vishnu2, Suman Chatterjee1

  • 1Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is crucial for combating superbugs and preventing treatment failure. Emerging engineering techniques offer faster, more effective methods for monitoring antibiotic resistance in bacterial infections.

Keywords:
ASTAntibioticsBacteriaEmerging technologiesMicrofabrication

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Superbugs and rising antibiotic resistance threaten global health, leading to treatment failures and increased mortality.
  • Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods are accurate but time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • Rapid AST is essential for timely diagnosis and effective treatment of bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging engineering techniques for rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).
  • To highlight advancements in micro/nanotechnology for bacterial infection diagnostics.
  • To discuss the application of advanced imaging and sensing technologies in AST.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging engineering AST techniques, focusing on phenotypic methods.
  • Discussion of fluorescence imaging, surface plasmon resonance, and Raman spectroscopy.
  • Exploration of micro/nanotechnology devices like microfluidics and microdroplets.

Main Results:

  • Engineering approaches offer significant speed improvements over traditional AST methods.
  • Phenotypic AST can be enhanced using computational image processing and advanced sensing.
  • Analysis of single bacterial cell behavior provides new insights into antimicrobial susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging engineering AST techniques show promise for rapid and accurate bacterial infection diagnosis.
  • These advanced methods can help combat antibiotic resistance and improve patient outcomes.
  • Further development in micro/nanotechnology and imaging is key to next-generation AST.