Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Correlation and Causation

Correlation and Causation

Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...

Classification of Neurotransmitters

Classification of Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in the communication between neurons in the autonomic nervous system. Neurons in the autonomic nervous system can be cholinergic or adrenergic depending on the neurotransmitters synthesized. Cholinergic neurons use acetylcholine as their primary neurotransmitter. This includes all the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic and pre- and postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous systems. In addition, neurons of the somatic nervous system also use...

Classification of Leukocytes

Classification of Leukocytes

Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules. Granular leukocytes, which contain granules, belong to the myeloid lineage and are divided into three subtypes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are roughly spherical and characterized by the granules in their cytoplasm.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...

Classification of Bones

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...

Force Classification

Force Classification

Forces play a crucial role in the study of physics and engineering. They are essential in describing the motion, behavior, and equilibrium of objects in the physical world. Forces can be classified based on their origin, type, and direction of action.
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Hydrological regime of a continental river system predicts bacterial macroecological patterns.

The ISME journal·2026

Same author

Attribution of flood impacts shows strong benefits of adaptation in Europe since 1950.

Science advances·2025

Same author

Increasing hourly heavy rainfall in Austria reflected in flood changes.

Nature·2025

Same author

High-resolution impact-based early warning system for riverine flooding.

Nature communications·2024

Same author

Shifts in flood generation processes exacerbate regional flood anomalies in Europe.

Communications earth & environment·2024

Same author

Compounding effects in flood drivers challenge estimates of extreme river floods.

Science advances·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Published on: July 1, 2016

Causative classification of river flood events.

Larisa Tarasova¹, Ralf Merz¹, Andrea Kiss²

¹Department Catchment Hydrology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Halle (Saale) Germany.

Wires. Water

|August 20, 2019

Summary

Classifying river floods by their causes improves flood frequency estimates and change detection. A review highlights the need for unified definitions and more robust, transferable classification methods for better flood understanding.

Keywords:

flood genesis flood mechanisms flood typology historical floods hydroclimatology of floods

More Related Videos

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

Published on: March 10, 2020

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

Published on: October 15, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Published on: July 1, 2016

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

Published on: March 10, 2020

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

Published on: October 15, 2014

Area of Science:

Science of Water: Water Extremes
Science of Water: Hydrological Processes
Science of Water: Methods

Background:

River flood characteristics (timing, duration, extent, severity) are controlled by diverse processes.
Accurate flood frequency estimates and change detection benefit from classifying events by causative processes.

Purpose of the Study:

Critically review existing classifications of flood events based on causative processes.
Discuss the validity, applications, and limitations of current flood classification frameworks.
Identify opportunities for developing more comprehensive and robust flood classification approaches.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on instrumental and pre-instrumental flood event classifications.
Analysis of hydroclimatic, hydrological, and hydrograph-based classification perspectives.
Identification of limitations, including lack of unified definitions and insufficient uncertainty analysis.

Main Results:

No unified definition of flood-generating mechanisms currently exists.
Existing classification frameworks (hydroclimatic, hydrological, hydrograph-based) capture flood processes at various scales but lack robustness.
Limited uncertainty analyses hinder the transferability of classification methods across regions.

Conclusions:

More rigorous testing and uncertainty analyses are needed for flood classification methods.
Extending classification to include space-time rainfall dynamics, antecedent wetness, and routing effects will enhance flood understanding and estimation.
Developing comprehensive approaches is crucial for improving flood prediction and management.