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Related Concept Videos

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

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We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
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Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

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Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
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Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy

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AFM-Based Spin-Exchange Microscopy Using Chiral Molecules.

Amir Ziv1,2, Abhijit Saha2,3, Hen Alpern1,2

  • 1Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel nanoscale magnetic imaging technique utilizes chiral molecules on an AFM tip for atomic-resolution magnetic mapping. This method overcomes limitations of existing techniques, enabling room-temperature, high-vacuum-free magnetic characterization.

Keywords:
atomic force microscopychiral moleculesmagnetic imagingspin exchange

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanoscale magnetic imaging is crucial for fundamental research and applications like magnetic data storage.
  • Conventional methods such as magnetic force microscopy (MFM) face limitations including resolution, sample condition requirements (low temperature, high vacuum), and working distance constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, robust, and scalable method for local magnetic imaging at nanoscale resolution.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing magnetic imaging techniques by enabling room-temperature and ambient-condition operation.

Main Methods:

  • A conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip was functionalized with chiral molecules.
  • The method leverages the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect, where charge redistribution in the molecule induces a transient spin state.
  • Short-range spin-exchange interactions between the functionalized tip and the magnetic sample enable imaging.

Main Results:

  • The functionalized tip achieved atomic resolution magnetic imaging.
  • The spin-exchange interaction strength was quantified at 150 meV.
  • Two oppositely magnetized samples were successfully characterized, demonstrating the technique's capability.

Conclusions:

  • The presented method offers a simple and effective approach for local magnetic imaging at room temperature and without high vacuum.
  • This technique shows promise for advancing nanoscale magnetic studies and developing magnetic logic and memory devices.