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Circulating CD40 ligand, Dickkopf-1 and P-selectin in HIV-infected patients

K Falasca1, M Reale2, M Di Nicola3

  • 1Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

HIV Medicine
|August 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

HIV infection elevates cardiovascular risk markers, specifically CD40 ligand (CD40 L) and Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1). While diabetes is linked to lower levels of these markers, hypertension is associated with higher levels in HIV patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Biomarker analysis

Background:

  • HIV infection is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Understanding the specific biomarkers contributing to CVD in HIV is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate circulating levels of CD40 ligand (CD40 L), Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and P-selectin in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To examine the relationships between these markers and their contribution to cardiovascular risk in HIV.
  • To compare marker levels between HIV-infected patients and a control group.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure CD40L, DKK-1, and P-selectin levels.
  • Study included 80 HIV-infected patients, with subgroups for diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH).
  • Comparison was made with a control group of HIV-negative individuals.

Main Results:

  • HIV-infected patients exhibited significantly higher levels of CD40L and DKK-1 compared to controls (P < 0.001).
  • Soluble P-selectin levels did not show a significant difference between groups (P = 0.133).
  • Within the HIV group, patients with DM had lower CD40L and DKK-1 levels than non-diabetic patients and those with AH (P < 0.05).
  • Patients with AH showed higher CD40L and DKK-1 levels compared to those without DM or AH, and compared to patients with DM (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is associated with elevated circulating CD40L and DKK-1 levels, which are directly correlated.
  • Diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients is linked to lower CD40L and DKK-1 levels.
  • Arterial hypertension in HIV-infected patients is associated with higher CD40L and DKK-1 levels.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dickkopf-1CD40 ligandP-selectincardiovascularinflammation

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