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    Gestalt psychology's common fate extends beyond motion to include coordinated changes in luminance and size. Dynamic motion is the strongest visual grouping factor, followed by dynamic size and luminance, impacting data visualization design.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Data Visualization

    Background:

    • Gestalt psychology's Law of Common Fate posits that objects moving together are perceived as a group.
    • This study expands the concept of common fate beyond motion to include dynamic changes in luminance and size.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how coordinated changes in luminance and size influence visual grouping, extending the Law of Common Fate.
    • To rank the perceptual grouping strengths of various static and dynamic visual factors.

    Main Methods:

    • A crowdsourced graphical perception study involving perceptual judgments on visual grouping.
    • Experiments utilized static and dynamic visual factors (position, size, luminance) in conflicting scenarios.
    • A follow-up experiment used an animated scatterplot and a thematic map for ecological validity.

    Main Results:

    • Motion was the strongest visual grouping factor, followed by dynamic luminance, dynamic size, and static luminance.
    • Dynamic size was a stronger grouping cue than dynamic luminance or position.
    • Dynamic luminance was a stronger grouping cue than static size.

    Conclusions:

    • The relative strength of visual grouping factors in data visualization depends on visualization characteristics and data.
    • Findings offer design implications for effective animated transitions in data visualization.
    • Coordinated changes in luminance and size are significant contributors to the perception of common fate.