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Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

How Consistent Are Challenge and Threat Evaluations? A Generalizability Analysis.

Lee J Moore¹, Paul Freeman², Adrian Hase²

¹Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Psychology

|August 21, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Athletes show individual differences in how they perceive stressful situations, sometimes viewing them as challenges and other times as threats. This tendency varies significantly across different types of stressors.

Keywords:

cognitive appraisals demand and resource evaluations generalizability theory roller derby stress appraisals stress management stressors variance partitioning approaches

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Published on: September 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Psychology
Sports Science
Stress and Coping Research

Background:

Viewing stress as a challenge, rather than a threat, is linked to improved performance and health.
Limited research exists on individual consistency in appraising stressful situations as challenges versus threats.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the consistency and variability of challenge and threat appraisals across different stressful situations.
To examine individual differences in stress appraisal tendencies within a cohort of athletes.

Main Methods:

Generalizability analyses were employed to assess appraisal consistency.
1813 roller derby players evaluated nine stressful vignettes.
Self-report measures assessed challenge and threat evaluations.

Main Results:

The Athlete × Stressor interaction explained the most variance (51.9%), indicating unique appraisal patterns for individuals across stressors.
Athlete (15.4%) and Stressor (21.9%) components also significantly contributed to appraisal variance.
Findings suggest both individual idiosyncrasies and some shared appraisal tendencies among athletes.

Conclusions:

Results support transactional stress theories by highlighting the interplay between individual and situational factors in stress appraisal.
Individual differences in stress appraisal have implications for designing personalized stress management interventions for athletes.